A new endoscopic procedure that burns stomach lining may help decrease production of hunger hormone ghrelin, researchers say. Ghrelin levels are typically higher in people with obesity and rise when they lose weight. The procedure involves controlled burning of the stomach lining to reduce the production of ghrelin, a hormone that triggers hunger. Although the findings of the procedure’s first-in-human trial have not been published in a peer-reviewed journal, the results are scheduled to be presented at Digestive Disease Week 2024.
The clinical trial lasted six months and involved 10 female subjects with obesity. The participants experienced more than 7% loss of body weight and a reduction of more than 40% in fasting ghrelin levels. Additionally, they reported a decrease in hunger and a 42% reduction in stomach capacity, according to a standard drink test. The lead author, Dr. Christopher McGowan, stated that obesity is a chronic disease affecting a large population, and new treatment options are necessary to combat this issue. The procedure could be an additional option for patients who are not eligible for anti-obesity medications or bariatric surgery.
The researchers explained that the procedure, called endoscopic mucosal ablation, targets ghrelin by altering the stomach lining where the hormone is produced. By reducing the number of ghrelin-producing cells, the procedure can help curb hunger and facilitate weight loss. Ghrelin levels are typically higher in individuals with obesity and rise when weight loss occurs, making it challenging to maintain weight loss. The surgical removal or bypass of the gastric fundus was previously the only proven method of reducing ghrelin.
Dr. Mir Ali, a bariatric surgeon, noted that endoscopic procedures such as the new ablation procedure may attract individuals hesitant about surgery due to their minimally invasive nature. However, he mentioned downsides such as less weight loss compared to surgery and difficulty in getting insurance coverage for these procedures. Dr. Steven Batash, a gastroenterologist, raised questions regarding the study, including the number of patients studied, the long-term effects of the procedure on hormone levels, and the risks associated with burning or damaging the stomach lining.
In conclusion, the new endoscopic procedure that burns stomach lining to reduce ghrelin production shows promise as a potential option for weight loss in individuals with obesity. Further research and larger trials are needed to evaluate long-term effectiveness and potential risks associated with the procedure. Despite some concerns raised by experts, this innovative approach could offer an alternative treatment for individuals who may not be eligible for traditional anti-obesity medications or bariatric surgery. Endoscopic procedures like this one may provide patients with additional options for managing obesity and improving overall health.
