A recent study has found that taking fish oil supplements in later life could help reduce the risk of Alzheimer’s disease in some individuals. The study, published in JAMA Network Open, showed that in older people with the APOEε4 gene, which increases Alzheimer’s risk, fish oil supplements reduced the breakdown of nerve cells in the brain. Experts suggest that larger clinical trials should investigate the benefits of omega-3 supplements for those at high risk of Alzheimer’s.
Oily fish is a good source of omega-3 fatty acids, which are essential for overall health. However, not everyone includes oily fish in their diet, so fish oil supplements are often taken to reap the benefits of omega-3s. Some of the potential health benefits associated with fish oils include heart and cardiovascular benefits, protecting eye health, healthy fetal development, and memory and mental health benefits. Despite these claims, some health risks may be associated with taking supplements.
The study enrolled 102 people aged 75 and over who had low levels of omega-3 fatty acids. Half of the participants were given fish oil capsules containing 1.65g of omega-3 daily, while the control group received placebo capsules containing soybean oil. Throughout the 3-year trial, MRI scans were conducted to measure the development of white matter lesions in the brain, and cognitive function was assessed. The researchers found that participants with the APOEε4 gene in the omega-3 group had less nerve cell breakdown compared to those in the placebo group.
The findings of this study suggest that fish oil supplements may be beneficial for older individuals with the APOEε4 gene, who are at a higher risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. However, the authors emphasize that this was a small study and that further clinical trials are needed to confirm the results. While fish oils are generally safe, individuals are advised to seek medical advice before taking them, especially those with certain genetic predispositions. Increasing omega-3 intake through diet is also recommended as a safer alternative.
Both experts and researchers stress the need for more studies to fully understand the implications of fish oil supplements on brain health in older adults. They recommend larger and more diverse sample sizes to confirm the findings and determine the generalizability of the results. Additionally, long-term studies are needed to assess the optimal dosage and formulation of fish oil supplements. Increasing the dosage of omega-3 to therapeutic levels may have a more significant effect on cognitive function and overall brain health.
