The annual Hajj pilgrimage in Makkah has begun with approximately 1.8 million pilgrims embarking on their journey despite temperatures reaching up to 48 degrees Celsius. To combat the extreme heat, a comprehensive system including ground-cooling technologies, fire-resistant tent materials, and modern air conditioning systems has been implemented. Mist columns and spray nozzles have been strategically placed to provide relief to the pilgrims, with mist-covered walkways created to lower temperatures and increase cooling efficiency. White coating techniques on asphalt surfaces have also been utilized to reduce temperatures by up to 20 degrees Celsius.
The Arafat plain, known for its green “Neem” trees, aids in reducing temperatures along with air-conditioned tents. Efforts have been made by the General Authority for Roads to reduce the temperature of pedestrian paths by 12 to 15 degrees Celsius, expanding this year to cover the area around the Namira Mosque. Saudi Arabia closely monitors all phases of the Hajj to manage heat stress, measuring temperatures inside and outside tents and monitoring wind speeds and humidity levels to minimize health risks.
A recent study by the Research and Innovation Center at King Faisal Specialist Hospital confirmed a significant reduction in heat stroke cases and mortality rates over the past four decades during the Hajj in Makkah. Despite an average temperature increase, the preventive measures implemented have been effective in safeguarding pilgrims. The Ministry of Health recognizes the challenge posed by high temperatures this year and emphasizes the importance of following health guidelines, such as carrying umbrellas, staying hydrated, and taking breaks to prevent heat exhaustion.
Scientific efforts at the holy sites to reflect sunlight and lower temperatures during the day and night reflect the care taken at the Grand Mosque. Marble imported from the Greek island of Thassos is used in the Grand Mosque to manage flooring temperatures, maintaining a cool surface due to its reflective properties. These innovative measures aim to provide comfort for pilgrims, showcasing Saudi Arabia’s commitment to ensuring a safe and healthy environment for all guests of Allah during the Hajj pilgrimage.
