A recent study conducted in China suggests that a 5:2 intermittent fasting diet with meal replacements may be beneficial for individuals with type 2 diabetes. According to researchers, participants who followed this eating plan showed improved glycemic control and weight loss at 16 weeks compared to those taking diabetes medications. The 5:2 diet, which involves fasting for two days a week and consuming meal replacements, may serve as an initial lifestyle intervention for individuals with type 2 diabetes. However, experts caution that this eating plan may not be suitable for everyone.
The study, published in the journal JAMA Network Open, involved 405 adults in China who had obesity or were overweight and had been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes within the previous year. Participants were randomly assigned to receive metformin, empagliflozin, or a 5:2 meal replacement eating plan for a 16-week period. All participants also received guidance on exercise, diet, and diabetes education every four weeks. Those in the 5:2 meal replacement group had two non-consecutive days each week where they consumed meal replacements, while on the other five days they were encouraged to monitor their calorie intake and eat a normal diet.
The results of the study indicated that participants in the 5:2 meal replacement group showed the greatest reduction in average HbA1C blood glucose levels over three months. They also had significant weight loss and reductions in waist and hip circumference compared to the other groups. Dr. Marilyn Tan, an endocrinologist at Stanford University, notes that intermittent fasting may provide metabolic benefits for individuals with type 2 diabetes. Many studies have shown the benefits of intermittent fasting, which may be due to both the timing of eating and reduced caloric intake. Tan emphasizes the importance of sustainable diets for long-term glycemic control and weight management.
According to the American Diabetes Association, diet plays a crucial role in managing type 2 diabetes. They recommend using the “diabetes plate” as a framework for building meals, which includes incorporating non-starchy vegetables, lean protein, and quality carbohydrates. While the study showed significant benefits of the 5:2 meal replacement plan, it may not be a long-term solution for everyone. Meal replacements provide accurate calorie counts and help restrict carbs and calories, but may not be sustainable in real-life situations involving social events, travel, or work.
Grant Brinkworth, a professor and director of research at Diabetes Australia, highlights the importance of consulting with a healthcare professional to determine the best method for sustainable weight loss and diabetes management. He notes that there is no one-size-fits-all approach to losing weight and achieving type 2 diabetes remission. While significant weight loss can lead to remission in some individuals, it may not be possible for everyone. Ultimately, the decision on how to achieve sustainable weight loss should be made in consultation with a healthcare provider.
