India and Japan are significantly deepening their collaboration, particularly in the rapidly evolving field of artificial intelligence (AI) and securing vital resources like critical minerals. This commitment was underscored during the 18th Strategic Dialogue held recently in New Delhi, with discussions ranging from economic security to defense and cultural exchange. The meeting signals a continued strengthening of the “special strategic and global partnership” between the two nations, building on momentum from previous high-level engagements.
Boosting Bilateral Ties: The New AI Dialogue
A key outcome of the Strategic Dialogue was the launch of a new artificial intelligence (AI) dialogue. This initiative aims to foster greater cooperation between India and Japan in developing and deploying AI technologies. The dialogue isn’t simply about technological advancement; it’s recognized as a crucial component of broader economic security, impacting not just India and Japan, but the global economy as a whole.
This new forum will facilitate discussions on a range of AI-related topics, including:
- Ethical considerations in AI development
- AI applications in key sectors like healthcare, manufacturing, and agriculture
- Joint research and development projects
- Sharing of best practices and regulatory frameworks
The move reflects a shared understanding of AI’s transformative potential and the need to collaborate to harness its benefits responsibly. Both countries are investing heavily in AI research and development, and a collaborative approach will allow them to leverage each other’s strengths and accelerate innovation.
Securing the Future: Focus on Critical Minerals
Beyond AI, a significant portion of the discussions centered on critical minerals, specifically rare earth elements. Recognizing the strategic importance of these resources – essential for a wide array of modern technologies, from electric vehicles to defense systems – India and Japan have decided to establish a Joint Working Group (JWG) dedicated to advancing their collaboration in this area.
This JWG will focus on:
- Diversifying supply chains for critical minerals
- Joint exploration and investment in mining projects
- Developing processing and refining capabilities
- Promoting responsible and sustainable mining practices
The increasing geopolitical competition for access to these resources makes this collaboration particularly timely. Securing a stable and reliable supply of critical minerals is vital for both nations’ economic growth and national security. This initiative falls under a broader “economic security initiative” designed to bolster resilience in key sectors.
Enhancing Public-Private Partnerships
The commitment to strengthening ties extends beyond government-to-government interactions. Both India and Japan acknowledged the crucial role of the private sector in driving innovation and economic growth. Consequently, they agreed to hold a dedicated private-sector dialogue.
This dialogue will aim to:
- Identify opportunities for joint ventures and investments
- Facilitate technology transfer and knowledge sharing
- Address regulatory hurdles and promote a more conducive business environment
- Encourage collaboration on research and development projects
By fostering closer public-private cooperation, India and Japan hope to unlock the full potential of their economic partnership. This is particularly important in emerging technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), where private sector innovation is often at the forefront.
Broader Strategic Alignment and Future Plans
The 18th Strategic Dialogue wasn’t solely focused on AI and critical minerals. Discussions encompassed a wide range of issues, including investment, trade, technology, innovation, defense, and people-to-people exchanges. Both sides reaffirmed the importance of supply chain resilience, particularly in critical sectors, and explored ways to deepen their collaboration in these areas.
Furthermore, the second round of the Economic Security Dialogue, led by senior officials from both countries, is scheduled for the first half of 2026. This will provide a platform for continued discussions and the development of concrete action plans. The meeting in New Delhi builds on previous engagements, including a discussion between Prime Minister Modi and Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi on the sidelines of the G20 Leaders’ Summit in Johannesburg.
A Partnership for the Future
The recent Strategic Dialogue between India and Japan demonstrates a clear commitment to strengthening their bilateral relationship across multiple fronts. The launch of the artificial intelligence (AI) dialogue and the establishment of the Joint Working Group on critical minerals are particularly significant developments, reflecting a shared understanding of the challenges and opportunities presented by these emerging technologies and vital resources.
This deepened cooperation, coupled with ongoing efforts to enhance economic and security ties, positions India and Japan as key partners in shaping a more stable and prosperous future for the Indo-Pacific region and beyond. The focus on economic security, alongside traditional areas of collaboration, highlights the evolving nature of the partnership and its adaptability to a changing global landscape.
To learn more about India-Japan relations and the economic security initiative, explore resources from the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) and related think tanks.