The European Union has activated its GOVSATCOM program, a new initiative designed to provide secure satellite communications for government and military purposes. This launch represents a crucial first step towards greater European independence in space-based assets, according to European Commissioner for Defence and Space, Andrius Kubilius. While the more ambitious IRIS² constellation is under development, GOVSATCOM aims to fill an immediate capability gap as geopolitical tensions rise and the EU re-evaluates its reliance on the United States for defense and security.
Speaking at the European Space Conference in Brussels, Kubilius emphasized the urgency of establishing independent European capabilities. He noted that the US has signaled a strategic shift, prioritizing the Indo-Pacific and Western Hemisphere, and will likely expect European nations to assume greater responsibility for their own defense. This expectation is a key driver behind the accelerated development of EU-owned satellite infrastructure.
The Importance of Secure Satellite Communications
The need for GOVSATCOM stems from concerns over “strategic enablers” – critical technologies and services largely provided by the US. According to Kubilius, these include not only space services but also logistical support like aerial refueling and heavy airlift capabilities. The EU recognizes that access to these resources cannot be guaranteed indefinitely and is proactively building its own alternatives.
While IRIS², a planned constellation of 290 satellites, is intended to surpass systems like SpaceX’s Starlink in terms of capability, its full operational status isn’t expected until around 2029. GOVSATCOM provides an interim solution, offering a foundational level of secure communication while IRIS² is being built. The Commissioner acknowledged that GOVSATCOM’s capacity is currently limited compared to what IRIS² will ultimately deliver.
Addressing European Defense Capabilities
Kubilius was candid about the current state of European military readiness. He pointed to the fragmented nature of European defense forces, comprised of 27 separate national armies. Former EU top diplomat Josep Borrell has previously described some of these forces as “bonsai armies” – well-equipped but lacking the scale and cohesion needed for major conflict.
The Commissioner questioned whether a collection of these smaller armies could effectively replace the approximately 100,000 US troops stationed in Europe, which he described as a “backbone military force” capable of rapid deployment. He highlighted the need for a more integrated and robust European defense posture, particularly in the face of potential aggression from Russia, which he identified as the biggest conventional threat to European security.
A significant challenge is the lack of recent, large-scale combat experience within most European militaries. Kubilius suggested integrating the battle-tested capabilities of the Ukrainian armed forces into the European defense framework. This integration could help bridge the experience gap and enhance the overall effectiveness of European forces. The European Council outlines the EU’s Common Security and Defence Policy here.
The development of GOVSATCOM and IRIS² are not solely about military applications. Secure satellite communications are also vital for civilian infrastructure, emergency services, and border control. The EU aims to create a resilient and independent space-based ecosystem that benefits all member states. Relatedly, the EU is also investing in other space-based technologies, including earth observation and navigation systems, to further reduce its reliance on external providers.
Looking ahead, the EU will continue to prioritize the development of IRIS² and the expansion of GOVSATCOM’s capabilities. The success of these programs will be crucial in determining the extent to which Europe can achieve strategic autonomy in space and defense. Observers will be watching closely to see how quickly the EU can translate its ambitions into tangible results and build a truly integrated and effective European defense force. Further information on the IRIS² project can be found on the European Commission’s website.
The EU’s push for greater independence in satellite communications is a significant development with far-reaching implications. Stay informed about the progress of GOVSATCOM and IRIS² to understand the evolving landscape of European security and space policy.
