A study presented at Digestive Disease Week 2024 suggests that a genetic test may help determine if semaglutide weight loss medications, such as Wegovy, can help individuals lose weight. This test provides a risk score that identifies those who are more likely to respond positively to semaglutide treatments. It was found that individuals who tested positive for a “hungry gut” phenotype lost twice as much weight compared to those who tested negative. The researchers developed a machine-learning gene risk score to predict this phenotype.
The study included 84 individuals with obesity or other weight management issues who took semaglutide medication for one year. Genetic analysis was conducted using saliva or blood samples, and participants’ eating habits were recorded. The researchers found that individuals who were categorized as “hungry gut” positive lost a significant amount of weight compared to those who were “hungry gut” negative. This indicates that the genetic test may help predict the response to semaglutide treatment more accurately.
The research team at the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota created a test called MyPhenome that categorizes different obesity phenotypes, including hungry gut, hungry brain, emotional hunger, and slow burn. By identifying the specific phenotype, healthcare providers can tailor weight loss treatments more effectively. It was reported that individuals who tested positive for the hungry gut phenotype lost a substantial percentage of their body weight, emphasizing the potential benefits of personalized medicine in weight management.
Dr. Mitchell Roslin, chief of bariatric surgery at Northwell Lenox Hill Hospital, highlighted the importance of addressing severe obesity, which can have detrimental effects on overall health. Semaglutide is a relatively new obesity medication, but its cost may be a barrier for some individuals. Understanding whether the medication will be effective for a specific individual can help both physicians and patients make informed decisions about treatment options. Although semaglutide may come with side effects, such as gastrointestinal symptoms, these usually subside as the body adapts to the medication.
While genetic testing may be a useful tool in predicting the response to semaglutide, not all healthcare providers may opt to use this risk score calculator in their practice. Dr. Mir Ali, a bariatric surgeon and medical director, emphasized the importance of considering various factors before prescribing weight loss medication, such as the individual’s weight, BMI, previous weight loss strategies, and eligibility for weight loss surgery. Ali suggested that weight loss surgery remains the most effective option for long-term weight management. Regardless of the treatment chosen, the ultimate goal is to promote healthy habits and sustainable lifestyle changes for lifelong weight management.
